Abstract: Introduction: supporting the constitutional rights of people with disabilities includes meeting new curricular guidelines and requires higher education that considers diversity in different contexts. Thus, the undergraduate curricula of health professionals must meet the multifaceted needs of people with disabilities in a way that transcends the biomedical model and permeates the promotion of an inclusive culture. Attitudes and values about disability often influence people’s behavior, making it imperative to introduce this topic. Aim: the present study aim to describe an approach in the curricula and teachers’ conceptions about children and adolescents with disabilities in medical courses. Method: this exploratory, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach included the documental analysis of official documents of the courses and official pages of the universities, published until the first semester of 2021 and interviews of teachers participating in the course. The content analysis technique was used for the interview material. Results: the documental analysis pointed in the general topics a direction towards a humanistic formation, while respecting the differences; however, when the topic is the disability, the focus was centered on biological issues. During the interviews, the following topics were identified: 1) The importance of the Unified Health System as a space for medical training; 2) The contribution of the National Curriculum Guidelines in guiding the activities of teachers and highlighting relevant points; 3) Development of teaching activities aimed at children and adolescents with disabilities, based on the teachers’ experiences; 4) Conception about the person with disabilities and teacher training; 5) Teacher training for the development of teaching activities about children and adolescents with disabilities and knowledge about public policies in the area. Conclusions: a weakness was identified in the approach to the subject, with specific insertions on the subject, usually from the perspective of the disease and from the opportunities that arise. Among the teachers, the predominance of the biomedical perspective was identified, as well as the lack of training on the subject and its fragile insertion in academic practice. However, the importance of the topic was recognized and its potential to integrate the curricular matrix in a cross-sectional way.

Resumo: Introdução: Amparar os direitos constitucionais das pessoas com deficiência inclui atender aos novos direcionamentos curriculares e exige um ensino superior que considere a diversidade em diversos contextos. Assim, os currículos de graduação de profissionais de saúde devem atender às necessidades multifacetadas das pessoas com deficiência de modo que transcendam o modelo biomédico e perpassem pela promoção da cultura inclusiva. As atitudes e os valores sobre a deficiência frequentemente influenciam o comportamento das pessoas, tornando imperativa a introdução desta temática. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a abordagem nos currículos e as concepções de professores sobre crianças e adolescentes com deficiência em cursos de Medicina. Método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, transversal e de abordagem qualitativa que incluiu a análise documental de documentos oficiais dos cursos e páginas oficiais das universidades publicados até o primeiro semestre de 2021, e entrevistas de professores participantes do curso. A análise de conteúdo foi a técnica utilizada para o material das entrevistas. Resultado: A análise documental apontou nos tópicos gerais um direcionamento para uma formação humanística, com respeito às diferenças. Entretanto, quando a temática é a deficiência, o enfoque foi centrado nas questões biológicas. Nas entrevistas, identificaram-se os seguintes eixos temáticos: 1. a importância do Sistema Único de Saúde como espaço de formação médica; 2. a contribuição das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais na orientação das atividades dos docentes e destaque a pontos relevantes; 3. desenvolvimento de atividades de ensino voltadas à criança e ao adolescente com deficiência, com base nas experiências dos docentes; 4. concepção sobre a pessoa com deficiência e formação docente; 5. formação docente para o desenvolvimento de atividades de ensino sobre a criança e o adolescente com deficiência e conhecimento sobre as políticas públicas da área. Conclusão: Foi identificada uma fragilidade na abordagem da temática, com inserções pontuais sobre o tema, geralmente na perspectiva da doença e a partir de oportunidades surgidas. Entre os docentes, identificaram-se a predominância do olhar biomédico, a ausência de formação para a temática e a frágil inserção desta na prática acadêmica. Entretanto, houve reconhecimento da importância do tema e seu potencial em integrar a matriz curricular de forma transversal.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the motor development (MD) and growth of infants born with low birth weight (LBW) versus adequate birth weight (ABW) by using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). METHODS: The cross-sectional study including LBW infants (aged 6–12 months) followed at an outpatient clinic from a University Hospital in Brazil and a group of infants of the same age with ABW. The variables were recorded as maternal, birth, and infant conditions. The infants were assessed for MD using the AIMS. RESULTS: In total, 98 infants (38 LBW versus 60 ABW) were evaluated and no statistically significant differences were found in demographic characteristics and in the AIMS results. The AIMS results of the total sample were suspicious or abnormal MD in 44 (45%) of total infants. Higher frequency of suspected or abnormal motor behavior was found in the age group between 9 and 12 (54.6%) months. CONCLUSIONS: A frequency of 45% of suspected or abnormal behavior was observed in the evaluated infants, with a higher frequency of occurrence in those aged 9–12 months (54.6%).

RESUMO OBJETIVO Descrever a prevalência de dislipidemias em crianças e adolescentes com doenças reumáticas autoimunes (Drai), em particular artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ), lúpus eritematoso sistêmico juvenil (Lesj) e dermatomiosite juvenil (DMJ). MÉTODOS Estudo transversal retrospectivo realizado no ambulatório de reumatologia pediátrica. Foram avaliados 186 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 5 e 19 anos. Foram coletados dos prontuários dados demográficos, clínicos, atividade de doença e perfil lipídico (triglicérides (TG), colesterol total (CT) e frações LDL-c (low density lipoprotein); HDL-c (high density lipoprotein) e VLDL-c (very low density lipoprotein). Foi também calculada a fração não HDL do colesterol (CT-NHDL -c). Para classificação do perfil lipídico, foram adotados os pontos de corte propostos pela American Academy of Pediatrics. RESULTADOS A dislipidemia foi observada em 128 pacientes (68,8%), sendo a mais comum a diminuição do HDL-c em 74 (39,8%). No grupo AIJ houve uma associação entre o subtipo sistêmico com alteração de LDL-c e NHDL-c, mostrando um perfil mais aterogênico neste subtipo (p=0,027 e 0,017, respectivamente). Em relação aos pacientes com Lesj, podemos observar que a dose cumulativa de CTC teve associação com o aumento do LDL-c (p=0,013) e com a diminuição do HDL-c (p=0,022). CONCLUSÃO A dislipidemia é frequente em crianças e adolescentes com Drai, em especial, AIJ, Lesj e DMJ, e a principal alteração no perfil lipídico desses pacientes foi a diminuição do HDL-c.

SUMMARY AIM To describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), particularly juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE), and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the pediatric rheumatology outpatient clinic. We evaluated 186 children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 years. The medical records were reviewed for the following data: demographic and clinical features, disease activity, and lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C)). In addition, non-HDL cholesterol was calculated as TC minus HDL-C. The cut-off points proposed by the American Academy of Pediatrics were used to classify the lipid profile. RESULTS Dyslipidemia was observed in 128 patients (68.8%), the most common being decreased HDL-C (74 patients, 39.8%). In the JIA group there was an association between the systemic subtype and altered LDL-C and NHDL-C, which demonstrated a more atherogenic profile in this subtype (p=0.027 and p=0.017, respectively). Among patients with jSLE, the cumulative corticosteroid dose was associated with an increase in LDL-C (p=0.013) and with a decrease in HDL-C (p=0.022). CONCLUSION Dyslipidemia is common in children and adolescents with ARDs, especially JIA, jSLE, and JDM, and the main alteration in the lipid profile of these patients was decreased HDL-C.